Assured Forwarding (AF) defines classes by using DSCP values. AF is important in understanding how to relate DSCP AF terminology to DSCP values
AF has four AF classes, AF1x through AF4x, where the AF4 class is considered to have more importance than the AF1 class. Within each class, there are three drop probabilities. Depending on the policy of a given network, you can configure packets for a PHB based on required throughput, delay, jitter, loss, or according to priority of access to network services.
AF PHB defines a method by which traffic classes are given different forwarding assurances. A practical example of dividing a network into classes is as follows:
•Gold: 50 percent of the available bandwidth
•Silver: 30 percent of the available bandwidth
•Bronze: 20 percent of the available bandwidth
EF 代表 Expedited Forwarding 加速傳送。 通過適當設置,建立一條點對點而低丟失率、低延遲率、確實的頻寬,以確保兩點通話、通視頻、通文字的環境。
Expedited Forwarding defines the Expedited Forwarding (EF) PHB. Network devices use EF PHB to build a low-loss, low-latency, low-jitter, assured-bandwidth, end-to-end service through DiffServ domains. EF service appears to the endpoints as a point-to-point connection. An example is to apply EF PHBs to VoIP traffic. The remaining sections of this chapter explain the application of DSCP and DiffServ on Catalyst switches.